Warts - symptoms and treatment

What is warts?The causes of the occurrence, diagnosis and treatment methods will be analyzed in the article of a dermatologist with an experience of 37 years.

Determination of the disease.Causes of the disease

warts-These are unequal benign benign neoplasms in the form of localized growth of the upper layer of the skin (epidermis) with papules (joints) or plates.

The frequency of warts in adults is 7-12 %, in school children up to 10-20 %.

Warts are very similar to other skin neoplasms.Usually, a person cannot independently determine the disease independently, therefore, make a diagnosis, it is necessary to contact a dermatologist.

The cause of the warts appearance is human papillomavirus.A variety of warts that can develop depends on the type of virus.So each type of human papilloma virus affects the fabric in localization that is more characteristic of it.

HPV type	extremely localization	Types of warts
1	Legs, knees, palms, Brushes, fingers	Subanarari and palm warts, Occasionally - simple warts
2, 4	Hands, fingers, knees, Less often - tracks	Simple warts, Occasionally - plantar, palmar and mosaic warts
3, 10	Shin, hands, face	Flat warts
7	Brushes, fingers	Butcher warts
5, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17, 19-24	Face, hands, The front of the body	Epidermodysplasia Veruchymic

Infection with a virus usually occurs in a contact path - with a direct contact of infected and healthy skin (for example, with handshake) or indirect (through handrails, toys, etc.).Therefore, it is possible to become infected with the human papillomavis virus in a variety of places - in public transport, at school, at work, home, in high contacts and wet environment (pools, saunas, gyms).Minor injuries to the epidermis through which viruses fall, as well as inflammation of the skin, contribute to infection.

Also, the appearance of warts contributes to:

• Immunodeficiency (including HIV infection);
• warm and wet environment;
• The need for professional contact with meat and fish ("butcher warts").

Some types of human papilloma virus are transmitted by parents.

But from toads and frogs, despite the stories of horror that are so often scared in childhood, you can't get infected - this is one of the most popular myths of this disease that has no reason.

If similar symptoms are detected, consult a doctor.Don't have it yourself -My - it's dangerous to your health!

Symptoms of warts

Depending on the type of wart, the symptoms will change.

Ordinary wart:

• The dense round papule of a conventional color with a size of 1-10 mm and larger.
• The surface of the papule is covered with cracks, layers.
• If dad is on his finger, then the trail disappears and distorts.The same is true of drawing the palm.
• Simple warts are located as single and some pieces - usually they appear in the places of greater damage (hands, fingers, knees).
• When examining with a dermatoscope, the doctor can see small brown spots - thrombic capillaries.Patients often call such "root" points.This is the main feature for the doctor: the dermatologist can distinguish a wart from other similar diseases (for example, adhesive mollusc and keratoma).

Social warts (horns):

• The main symptom due to which the patient usually consults a doctor is pain when pressing and walking.
• Such warts are usually located in the legs.
• When contacting a doctor, as a rule, an uneven keratinized plaque of the usual color is visible, though in the first stage you can see a smooth papule.With keratinization, capillaries can only be seen if removing the keratinized layer of the skin.
• The skin pattern is twisted.
• Typically, planar warts are single, but it has 2-6 pieces;
• Often, these warts are confused with a corn (especially dry) - with this problem description the problem, patients usually come in waiting.

Flat Wart (Youth):

• In appearance, this is a round, clear, smooth and normal papule, pink or 1-5 mm brown.
• It appears in the hands, lower legs, very often on the face.
• There are always some such warts - they are located in groups.

Epidermodysplasia of Verrucilia (elderly wart):

• Multiple large rounds of union of normal, pink or brown neoplasms.
• Most often they appear on the face, hands, front side of the body.
• You can confuse with keratoma, liqueur and skin cancer.

The pathogenesis of warts

If human papillomavirus enters the body in a secret state for a long time - a person usually does not even know about his existence.When the factors appear favorable to the virus, it begins to "multiply" in the epithel, leading to a change in tissue.

Unlike other viruses, human papillomavirus does not destroy epithelial cells - they die on their own, of course - in the process of keratinization and exfoliation.

The spread of infection is affected by local factors and the condition of the immune system.So people with HIV infection or a transplanted kidney undergo more wart development.Moreover, these neoplasms are often difficult to treat.With normal immunity, the virus does not affect the deeper layers of the skin, so many people have warts on their own after a few months.

The main stage in the appearance of warts is to accelerate the rate of separation and growth of cells with a virus.Such a rapid metabolism leads to the thickening of the skin layers.Since the fabrics grow in a particular, small area, a tuberculosis occurs, which is called warts.

Classification and stages of war development

There is no known universal warts classification.However, some species encountered can often be distinguished:

• wen- the most common type (70 % of warts are exactly them).Such neoplasms do not feel and cause only aesthetic discomfort to a person.
• wen- It looks on the foot, painful, so it requires treatment.The appearance of such a lel is facilitated by skin damage due to unpleasant, frozen, rubbing shoes.
• Flat warts- Most often they appear in young people, teens.This is due to the unstable hormonal origin of young people, which affects the whole body.Usually flat warts are almost invisible.
• The elderly warts- natural for the elderly.They often appear on parts of the body, which is covered in clothes, but can meet on the face and hands.If there is no discomfort, it is not worth treating the healing of such warts in the elderly can happen much slower, which is in young people, due to slow metabolism.

Other authors also differ some more from these types of warts:

• Mosaic warts(HPV 2, 4) - Neoplasms in the palms and heel.They look like the focus of hyperkeratosis, that is, thickening of the layer of the skin layer (usually at the front of the foot), covered with deep cracks.
• Cystic warts(HPV 60) - a very rare neoplasm in the legs.It is a soft knot with cracks.When opens, white-yellow discharge, curd-like discharge.
• Film warts- thin spreads of the horn near the mouth, nose or eyes.
• Warts "Butchers"(HPV 7) - present them in the hands and fingers of people who are constantly in contact with meat and fish.They are presented in the form of hypertrophized neoplasms similar to cauliflower, but with normal colors.

Moreover, the types of warts are distinguished depending on their localization.

Thus, there are often an angental warts - tumor -formed neoplasms that appear on the genitals (especially in the sites of the skin on the mucous membrane).They are usually caused by HPV 6 and 11.

Warts complications

The main reason why patients with warts go to the doctor is an aesthetic defect that can affect the patient's quality of life, his confidence and develop many complexes.Complications also include cracking the wart surface and fusion of infection, and with some types of warts - pain while walking.

In malignant neoplasms, skin warts usually do not reborn, they are quite harmless, but in very rare cases, such complication can still occur in people with oppressed immunity.

Other complications arise when you try to remove neoplasms independently.In this regard, inflammation and aesthetic defects in the form of wounds can occur, as well as further spread the virus on the skin, which is why a person may wake up with some new morning in the morning after independent removal of a wart.

Remember that under the mask of warts a completely different disease can be deleted, which cannot be determined without consulting with an experienced doctor.

Diagnosis of warts

Typically, to make a diagnosis there is enough inspection (clinical photo) and a collected story (medical history).

To confirm the diagnosis, the doctor may perform a histological study - the study of neoplasm cells.

It is very important to make a differential diagnosis - distinguish warts from other diseases.For example,Ordinary wartsIt is necessary to distinguish from the following diseases:

• Mollusc- Most often it appears in the body and genitals, less often in the hands and feet.It is a hemisphere with surface pressure, when pressed from the sides, it is "wild".
• Nevus of epidermal- Most often lonely, a person has from birth.It rises on the surface of the skin, often covered with hair.
• Basal- a tumor in the form of a roller of the joints, in the center is covered with a crust.Natural for the elderly.

Durable wartsIt is necessary to distinguish from the following diseases:

• Keratoderma- Large areas of keratinization and inflammation of the skin.There are no courageous capillaries.
• Buffet- Numerous painless neoplasms, along the periphery, the skin is laying.The reaction to syphilis is positive.
• corn- Usually without pain, it can only cause pain with vertical pressure.

The doctor should also distinguish the remaining types of warts from a number of diseases.In case of suspicion of another pathology, it may prescribe additional diagnosis (for example, identifying antibodies for viruses, CT or MRI).

Treatment of warts

Wart treatment is performed for aesthetic purpose and to improve the quality of life of the patient.It can only be prescribed by a physician after examination and an accurate diagnosis.Independent efforts to get rid of warts are unacceptable, as the patient without medical education and the necessary equipment are unable to accurately determine the disease, and complications after such "treatment" occur much more often than healing.

There are several methods of treatment for the treatment of warts.All of them are usually performed under the supervision of a physician, and some of them - only in the conditions of the procedural office of the clinic.

Methods of chemical treatment

To get rid of the wart, applications of milk-salicylic colidia and salicylic plaster are used.The percentage of medicines and the method of using them (long -term coating of plaster, applications, etc.) depends on the predominance and localization of the neoplasm.

CIRK and 2-chorproponic acid solutions can also be used.In this case, the chemical composition is applied to the first -processed surface, which is left in the wart until the color changes (depending on the type of wart).The procedure is repeated several times after 7, 14 and 21 days.Before each procedure, the fabric is mechanically removed.

Another chemical method is a combination of nitrogen, acetic, oxalic, lactic and trihidrat of copper nitrates.In this way, only relatively small neoplasms are treated - up to 5 mm.The solution is also left until the color of the wart is changed.After 3-5 days, the patient comes to the control technique, if necessary, he is prescribed a second procedure after 1-4 weeks.

Cryodestration

This method consists of freezing the wart with liquid nitrogen: a damp swab is pressed into damaged skin (with the capture of the surrounding tissue in several mm) for 1-5 minutes.The destruction of some neoplasms requires some procedures with a four -week interval.

The main disadvantages of the cryodestration are its pain and the effect determined compared to other methods in which only one procedure is often enough to remove.

Electrocoagulation

Under the influence of electric current, the wart is removed according to the layers.Such an operation is performed under the local sedative.

This method is more effective than cryodestration, but has an important minus: electrocoagulation often leaves wounds at the site of wart removal.For those patients who are addressed to eliminate a cosmetic defect,This method will no longer be appropriate.

Laser

With the help of a laser, warts are also removed in layers.Svetoper is in contact with the skin for a few seconds to three minutes, depending on the size.Then the yoke that appeared is excited, and the end of the wounds is again treated with a laser.The patient is then guided for wound processing methods.The operation itself is performed under the influence of local anesthesia.

Radio wave surgery

Radio wave surgery is one of the most modern and soft methods for removing some benign neoplasms, including warts.

The method is based on generating electromagnetic waves with different frequencies: from 100 kHz to 105 MHz.During the procedure, the tissues resist the passing waves, due to which the molecular energy is released into the cells, which warms the skin.Under the influence of heat, the cells actually evaporate - a neat cut is taken.At the same time, no mechanical effort is in the affected fabric.

The pro of this method:

• security;
• Rapid wound healing;
• Good cosmetic effect - excluded wounds and wounds;
• Without relative pain-a local analgesic used before mini-operating;
• Exclusion of secondary infection due to automatic electrode automatic disinfection when the device is on.

The effectiveness of this method is known all over the world, however, it is quite difficult to find a clinic in which the radio wave surgery method is used.

What is the method of treatment to choose

All of these methods have some disadvantages:

• In the first two weeks, the operated area has an unattractive look - crust, darkening of fabrics.This should be taken into account if the warts are in visible parts of the body (for example, on the face).
• An unpleasant odor and some pain during surgery.

Moreover, each of these methods has contraindications that should be detected in the prior consultation of a dermatologist.

But the main minus isHigh Relap probability, especially if the warts were common, wide.With each of these methods, doctors do not fight the essential cause of the disease, but with its consequences, from todayHuman papilloma virus cannot recover.

Therefore, therapy is directed:

• or the destruction of neoplasms arising at the site of the virus presentation;
• or to stimulate an antiviral immune response;
• or in combining these approaches.

Most often, devastating treatment methods are used.Their effectiveness reaches 50-80 %.

For surgical methods of treatment, the age of children is usually not a contraindication.Therefore, many of them (including radio wave operation) are used to treat warts in children.One exception is the chemical removal of warts due to the possibility of side reactions to the substance.

What to do after surgery

After any of these surgeries, be sure to follow the recommendations of the attending physician.

After removing the neoplasm of any of the methods presented, the doctor usually prescribes the processing of the removal site.Forbidden is forbidden to remove "Korea" independently, moisten the wound and expose it to run sunlight.

If the patient is constantly suffering from warts, then he should consult an immunologist-he may require drug therapy, which will increase immune resistance to manifestations of human papillomavirus.

Forecast.PREVENTION

If the patient does not have immunodeficiency, then warts can spend their own, but it will take a long time - from a few months to a few years.So, in 65 % of cases, warts are independently regressed for two years.If two years later the wart is still in place, then it is recommended to remove it.Numerous neoplasms are recommended to be removed immediately.

With normal immunity and the method of correctly selected removal (depending on the size and type of warts), it is possible to remove the pathogenic tissue and achieve a good cosmetic effect.With reduced immunity and other predisposing factors, the human papilloma virus causes relapses.

Specific prevention of the disease does not exist.But is it so inevitable?

You can reduce the possibility of a virus if you follow some rules:

• Do not go barefoot in public places where it is possible to damage the skin and become infected with a virus (swimming pools, public showers, gyms).
• Choose high quality shoes, change it more often.Try to make your feet dry.Heat and humidity are a great environment for spreading the human papilloma virus.
• To avoid patronage warts, go to the manicure only to the certified masters and make sure they use sterile tools.

For the prevention of anogenital warts, according to the WHO (World Health Organization), a four -gloss vaccine from the human papilloma virus is also very effective.For the prevention of other types of warts, vaccines do not currently exist.

If you find a wart, then do not try to burn it, cut it yourself, cut it - so that you can contribute to inflammation and further restore the skin virus.After such a "departure" instead of a Lyon in the morning, you can wake up to ten.